Around the time when Emperor Charlemagne was crowned Emperor in Dark Age Europe (800 AD), hydrochloric acid was discovered by a Persian scientist, Jabir ibn Hayyan during the the Middle East’s Golden Age. Today HCl is produced on a massive scale by combining hydrogen with chlorine gas. Our mammalian stomach produces it as well for …
EDTA is available as different salts – calcium or sodium – and can be used in many different industrial applications, such as medicinal/pharmaceutical, agriculture, cosmetics (soap, shampoos), and even as a food additive/preservative. It was discovered/synthesized in 1935 by Ferdinand Munz, an Austrian chemist. EDTA is also used in “chelation therapy” , a practice in …
Cerium rare earth compounds occur as either III or IV valences, and most of cerium is used in glass polishing, among other uses. China is by far the biggest producer, and cerium is the most abundant of the rare earth metals. Cerium IV sulfate is primarily used in analytical laboratories for inorganic testing/analysis. Ceric sulfate …
The ammonium ion (NH4+) is typically available as an aqueous standard from ammonium chloride, or other reagent with ammonium as a component of a salt. It is used in inorganic chemistry analysis to determine either ammonium or nitrogen from the source of ammonium chloride or other salt. The inorganic standard is subject to decomposition by …
Acetic acid was first distilled by a German Chemist, Georg Stahl in 1700. In its pure form, it is referred to as glacial acetic acid because of its unusually high freezing point. It is both a corrosive and a flammable liquid, although it is considered a weak acid with a low pKa (dissociation constant). It …
Ammonium hydroxide (also known as aqua ammonia) is mainly produced by a reaction of ammonia gas with water. The most well-known process that utilizes ammonia is the Haber-Bosch process, for which Fritz Haber won the Nobel prize in Chemistry in 1918. Without this process, the quantities of world food production today would not be possible. …
Hematoxylin stains are commonly employed for histologic studies, often employed to color the nuclei of cells (and a few other objects, such as keratohyalin granules) blue. The mordants used to demonstrate nuclear and cytoplasmic structures are alum and iron, forming lakes or colored complexes (dye-mordant-tissue complexes), the color of which will depend on the salt …
Formazin has been used as a turbidity standard to test cloudiness in water for many decades. The standard unit of measurement is the NTU or nephelometric Turbidity Unit. Stock solutions are typically at 4000 NTU’s. This concentration is stable for at least 1 year, although our customers frequently report stability/reliability/consistency up to the 2 year …
Silver Nitrate is a non-hydroscopic salt of silver that is soluble in water. It is relatively stable to light compared to sensitive silver fluoroborate and silver perchlorate, and the nitrate is replaced easily by other ions making it a reliable precursor to other silver compounds. Silver nitrate is commonly used in halide abstraction by reacting …
Iodine monochloride is a reddish-brown interhalogen solution produced by combining iodine and chloride halogens in a 1:1 molar ratio. This can be expressed by the equation: I2 + Cl2 → 2 ICl. As chlorine gas is injected into an iodine solution, one observes the brown color of iodine gradually turn to the amber color of …
Iodine Monochloride in Acetic Acid Solution (WIJS) Read More »
